Keyhole Surgery for Large Stones
PCNL (Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy) is a procedure used to get rid of kidney stones that are too large to pass on their own or be treated by other methods like ESWL or RIRS.
Percutaneous means through the skin. A small ~1 cm cut is made on the back, creating a direct path to the kidney. A telescope is used to locate the stone, break it up with a laser or lithotripter, and remove it. This replaces open stone surgery, with recovery depending on the case.
PCNL is recommended when…
Stones > 2cm
When kidney stones have a diameter greater than 0.8 inches (2 cm).
Staghorn Stones
Large stones obstructing multiple branches in the kidney's collecting system.
Blocked Ureter
Significant stones located in the upper tube that connects the kidney to the bladder.
Failed Treatments
When other treatments like ESWL,RIRS have been tried and didn’t work out.
Very Hard Stones
When the stone density is too high for soundwave therapy.
Step-by-Step: What Happens During PCNL
Anaesthesia & Vitals
General or spinal anaesthesia is given so you remain comfortable. Vitals are checked before starting.
Small Incision
A tiny 'keyhole' incision (about 1 cm) is made on the back to access the kidney directly.
Tract Creation
A narrow path (tract) is created and a sheath is placed to reach the stone directly.
Stone Fragmentation
A small telescope and a laser or lithotripter break the large or staghorn stone into pieces.
Stone Removal
The fragmented stone pieces are removed through the tube, ensuring high clearance in one session.
Recovery
A short hospital stay of 1 to 2 days is typically required before discharge.
Mini PCNL vs Alternatives
Compare PCNL to other treatments for understanding suitable approaches for large stones.
Mini PCNL FAQs
Ready to Clear Large Stones?
Book a free consultation with Dr. Deepanshu Gupta to see if Mini PCNL is right for you.
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